Harvesting with a snapper head will produce a lower-fiber, higher-energy earlage than harvesting with an all-crop header. See NDSU Extension Service publication V1150, “Cyanide Poisoning.”. Linseed meal is very palatable, but demand from the dairy industry often limits economical inclusion levels in beef cattle diets. Millet (proso and pearl) ranks intermediately as an energy source among cereal grains. Nutritional value varies greatly with maturity. No more than 20 to 30 percent (dry basis) of a growing ration should be beet tops. Crude protein content varies from 15 to 22 percent, crude fat from 15 to 20 percent and NDF from 38 to 55 percent. This may make the product dusty and relatively unpalatable, so we recommend mixing it in a ration with moist feed. Industry is the primary market for crude glycerol, with refined glycerol used in cosmetics and even human food. Foxtail and proso millets are annual forages that produce respectable hay yields (2 to 4 tons per acre at various research centers in North Dakota), even when planted relatively late in the season. On a dry-matter basis, whey is approximately equal to corn in energy and to barley in protein. Nutrient content and feeding recommendations are dependent on the proportions of each. Cows need time to become accustomed to liquid whey. Tailings are high in moisture (approximately 80 percent) and can be quite variable. Understandably, the nutritive value of screenings varies substantially. The advantage of using an IBC is that they are cubic and therefore can transport more material in the same area than cylindrically shaped containers. Buckwheat is not a cereal but has the same general nutritive characteristics as cereal grains. Grazing leafy spurge with sheep or goats can be an effective part of a biological control program. It is handled primarily as a liquid but is available as a dry product that can be added to improve palatability. The problem develops when the plant is not completely killed by the frost. When stored in round bales, water penetration and spoilage is more of a problem than with grass hay because of the coarse stems. Soybeans can provide the total protein supplement for beef cattle and sheep, but growing and finishing cattle to balance the ration. High amounts of soil lowers the energy content of the material further. In some cases, wind protection also may be necessary for grazing into the winter months. Use forages containing these weeds cautiously. Atlas of Nutritional Data on United States and Canadian Feeds. Today’s post by Lexie of Lexie Naturals. Safflower meal can be used as a protein supplement for low-protein forages or in backgrounding diets where a source of natural protein is needed. Barley malt sprout pellets contain moderate levels of crude protein (16 percent) and are moderate in energy (74 percent TDN). Olentine Jr. 1978. Crambe meal has been proven to be useful as a protein source for feedlot cattle and beef cows. Some reports indicate that buckwheat straw can cause digestive upsets if fed in large quantities. Typical harvest methods include baling directly behind the combine or raking and baling. When limited amounts of hay or other roughages are available, ammoniation may be a cost-effective way to increase the value of straw. Whole seeds should be limited to 10 to 15 percent of the ration. High levels of sclerotia bodies in sunflower screenings do not appear to affect intake and performance of gestating beef cows, according to NDSU experiments. Popping does not appear to improve utilization. When feeds contain large numbers of viable seed, the resulting manure is a possible weed menace. Allow animals to have access to dry hay, straw or other roughage while grazing turnips and other Brassica species. Whole sunflower seeds do not need to be processed before feeding. Feeds and Nutrition. Animals should be introduced to canola or rapeseed forage gradually. • Stock, R., R. Grant and T. Klopfenstein. Data from lambs and feedlot cattle fed field peas in finishing diets indicate that the TDN of field peas is similar to or slightly higher than corn. Bulrush has little value for forage purposes but may be useful as bedding. Signs of spoilage include off colors, odors and mold development. Composting manure should destroy the viability of the seed. The ruminal microorganisms in sheep appear to adapt to higher levels of onions readily. While Zook Molasses may operate with old-fashioned values, our products are relevant for today’s farmers and ranchers. Thin stillage is a liquid coproduct from ethanol production. With alternative feeds, we recommend wet chemistry analysis to determine nutrient content. Dry cows and heifers may be fed sunflower silage as their only source of forage. The reason for the gradual change is that old grains are somewhat less palatable and new grains may be higher in moisture and more rapidly digested. Canola hay is difficult to cure due to the high moisture content of the forage. We’re here to provide solutions for your herd, and to do that, we’re glad to work with you or talk directly to your trusted nutritionist. Approximately 300 to 500 pounds of chaff can be collected per acre. Historically, beet tops were grazed directly or windrowed and grazed. Corn gluten feed is low in calcium and high in phosphorus. Rye hay loses palatability and protein content rapidly after flowering. Traditional unfermented food uses of soybeans include soy milk, from which tofu and tofu skin are made. Rye should be rolled or cracked prior to feeding. Corn gluten meal is not used widely in livestock rations because of the high cost resulting from demand in the pet food market. Beet tops should not be the only source of roughage in finishing rations. Canadian reports indicate that forage rapeseed is similar to alfalfa in nutrient content. Short-season milo varieties have been grown successfully in the southern half of North Dakota in all but the coolest summers. Prussic acid and nitrate poisoning are potential problems. Unfortunately, the laxative nature of kochia means much of its potential nutrient value likely will be lost in feces due to a rapid rate of passage. Due to low nutrient content, oat hulls may be used best to stretch tight forage supplies by blending with higher-quality feeds or ammoniating it prior to feeding to increase nutrient content. When stacking or baling dry corn residue, wait until the moisture content has dropped below 20 to 25 percent or the temperature has fallen late in the fall to avoid mold in the stored material. Rye should not be used as an ingredient in calf creep feeds or calf starters due to its low palatability. Old grains should be inspected for evidence of mold and insect damage prior to feeding. Frozen potatoes never should be fed because of the danger of choking. Screenings may be used as the only concentrate for dry cows and replacement heifers. Producers may need to limit water during this period to force them to consume the liquid whey. One ton of potatoes and hay mixed in a silage was found to be equal in nutrient content to 1 ton of corn silage on an equal dry-matter basis. Zook Molasses has been selling to farms of all sizes since 1934! Lactating cows, growing calves and other livestock with higher nutrient requirements will not perform adequately if given only soybean stubble. Therefore, levels should be limited to 20 percent or less of the diet to prevent digestive disturbances. Kochia cut at later stages is less desirable but still can be used if no other alternative is available. As a legume, bean residue generally contains more protein than cereal grain residue and is quite palatable, although cattle will not consume the coarser stems. Intake may be a problem, especially with high-oil varieties. Feeds are listed alphabetically under the broad categories of: Many of the alternative feeds vary widely in nutrient content, making an analysis or some assessment of the feed value necessary. Barley malting coproducts consist primarily of dried malt sprouts, but may also include thins, light test weight barley and screenings. The presence of pigeon grass in small-grain straw increases the nutrient content of the straw. Contracts or volume purchases may be negotiated at less than spot market prices. The meal contains approximately 30 percent CP and 65 to 70 percent TDN. Kochia is high in oxalates, which may be the cause of the problem. 1984. In addition, when mustard bran is mixed with silage, aromatic compounds are released. However, some of the poor-quality screenings more nearly resemble straw in composition. Ergot also may be a concern when feeding screenings. Buckwheat typically is used in livestock rations when it is low in price compared with other feeds. Our different lines of liquid animal feed are available in non-GMO, organic, OMRI organic certified, and conventional. Whole beets are low in crude protein (6.8 percent) but high in energy (75 percent TDN). For more information about composting, see NDSU Extension publication NM1478, “Composting Animal Manure.”. However, steam rolling is a relatively expensive method of processing. Crambe meal is best used in totally mixed rations or at low to moderate levels in protein supplements. This publication provides a brief overview of possible feedstuffs for cattle and sheep producers along with general feeding recommendations. For more information on nitrate poisoning, see NDSU Extension publication V-839, “Nitrate Poisoning of Livestock.”. If near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is used, ensure that the laboratory has calibrated its equipment for your specific feed; otherwise, the analysis will not provide accurate data. Leafy spurge hay cannot be hauled to other farms due to noxious weed laws. When you order molasses for cows or other animals from Zook Molasses, we give you multiple ways to purchase the product you want. Phosphorus and vitamin A supplementation also is needed. Alfalfa regrowth can be grazed without injury to the plant after a killing frost has occurred. Proso likely will work best in grain rations when combined with other grains such as corn or barley. Wheat midds are used as an ingredient in many different commercial supplements, creep feeds and cakes. If the ergot content of contaminated feeds exceeds 0.1 percent, the contaminated feeds should be blended with other grain or forage to reduce the ergot concentration. Water supply and fencing must be addressed prior to grazing crop residues. Adding 20 to 25 pounds of dry forage or 400 pounds of corn or sorghum-sudan silage per 100 pounds of potatoes will reduce moisture to an acceptable level. Dried and condensed whey can be transported economically for longer distances than can liquid whey, but it is more expensive. High levels of fat (greater than 8 percent of total diet) can reduce ruminal fiber digestion, so soybeans should be limited based on fat content. Late-harvested sorghum and sorghum-sudan are similar in composition to corn stover. Corn gluten feed contains 22 percent CP. Beet pulp is available in wet (pressed shreds) or dry (shreds or pellets) forms. As a general recommendation, field peas should be rolled for beef cattle. Raw beans degrade more rapidly in the rumen, which may or may not be of benefit, depending on other ration ingredients and the need for ruminally degradable protein. However, soybean stover is generally low in protein and energy and should be used only as a feedstuff in maintenance diets or for modest-gaining animals.
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